Category Archives: Travelling

London, etc. and Paris, 4: Up the Thames to Greenwich, where We Step Across the Prime Meridian

Did you know that England’s Thames is a “tidal river”? I did not, until I noticed that the water levels along the banks were much lower when we set out on our “sightseeing cruise” of London on the morning of April 25 than they were when we returned several hours later. So I started asking questions.

In summary, I learned that “Twice a day the Thames undergoes an incredible transformation – from a slow-moving river to a brimming marine environment as the North Sea floods inland. This remarkable event – governed by the moon – changes river height by up to 7m in just six hours. This 95-mile stretch from Teddington to Southend influenced by the ocean tides is the tidal Thames. As the sea water recedes it reveals a vast and beautiful riverbed that makes up London’s largest natural space.” – Thames21

Once I knew about the tides, all those scenes in movies and books where people (mostly murderous hooligans or poor innocents who are being chased by murderous hooligans, along with an occasional Royal Personage) descend ladders and stairs into the water or boats onto the Thames took on a whole new aspect.

When a major city has a river running through it, we have found guided boat trips to be a great way to orient ourselves and to see notable sights we’d never have time to cover any other way. Our voyage through London from near Westminster Pier to the Borough of Greenwich, about seven or eight miles upstream, took just under an hour. It was a chilly morning, but at least it wasn’t raining so we were able to sit on the upper deck outside.

Along with dozens of other people (including at least one “Influencer” who stood up in front of us to pose every time we passed something interesting. More on Influencers in a later post), we took in the sights along with a dry commentary by a young fellow who seemed to be steering our boat as well as serving as our tour guide. (He kept telling those in the centre aisle on top to please sit down because he couldn’t see where he was going.) He groused about the proliferation of “Uber” river taxis that kept zooming by us, and seemed unimpressed with the more expensive tourist options in the vicinity. He told us, for example, that it was easy to get a ticket on the Millennium Wheel: “There are never any lineups because it’s so expensive.” Pointing out the Savoy Hotel, he advised us that “A room is £500 a night, but you do get coffee and a croissant.”

Our trip took us under the Charing Cross (Hungerford) Rail Bridge and past London’s Cleopatra’s Needle (a gift to the UK from Egypt in the early 1800s, the obelisk is 3500 years old! It’s one of a pair; my elder son and I once saw the other one, which is located near the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City). We saw the Waterloo Bridge, the rebuilding of which was allegedly completed in record time and within budget primarily by women during World War II, the Tower of London and the Tower Bridge, the National Theatre (“The ugliest building in London,” we were told), the Shard (“Where it’s £40 for a look outside”) and St. Paul’s Cathedral, to which architect Christopher Wren went to work by boat so often (almost daily for about 35 years) that one of the stairways up from the river is named after him.

Greenwich is a lovely spot. After disembarking, we had a very tasty lunch then wandered past the University of Greenwich, the Royal Military College and the National Maritime Museum to an enormous park area where – at the top of a very long hill – the Royal Observatory is located.

To get to the park where the observatory is located, we passed through the colonnaded walkway between the National Maritime Museum and the Queen’s House. The birdsong in the park on the way up was spectacular (according to my trusty Merlin app, among the birds we heard were a Eurasian Blue Tit, a Rose-Ringed Pheasant, and a Eurasian Wren), as was the flora. We even saw a fox.

The Royal Observatory was designed by architects Christopher Wren and Robert Hooke, and it opened in 1676. Most notably, it is the “home” of Greenwich Mean Time, about which there is much of interest to note (Thanks, as always, to Wikipedia, to which I donate regularly and hope you do as well):

Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) is the local mean time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London, counted from midnight. At different times in the past, it has been calculated in different ways, including being calculated from noon;[1] as a consequence, it cannot be used to specify a particular time unless a context is given. The term GMT is also used as one of the names for the time zone UTC+00:00 and,[2] in UK law, is the basis for civil time in the United Kingdom.[3][a]

Because of Earth’s uneven angular velocity in its elliptical orbit and its axial tilt, noon (12:00:00) GMT is rarely the exact moment the Sun crosses the Greenwich Meridian[b] and reaches its highest point in the sky there. This event may occur up to 16 minutes before or after noon GMT, a discrepancy described by the equation of time. Noon GMT is the annual average (the arithmetic mean) moment of this event, which accounts for the word “mean” in “Greenwich Mean Time”.[c]

A prime meridian is an arbitrarily-chosen meridian in a geographic coordinate system at which longitude is defined to be 0°. Together, a prime meridian and its anti-meridian form a great circle. This great circle divides a spheroid, like Earth, into two hemispheres: the Eastern Hemisphere and the Western Hemisphere.  For Earth’s prime meridian, various conventions have been used or advocated in different regions throughout history. Earth’s current international standard prime meridian is the IERS Reference Meridian. It is derived, but differs slightly, from the Greenwich Meridian, the previous standard.[2]

(Note: The IERS Reference Meridian is so close to the Greenwich Meridian that even though I’m not sure which one we were standing on, it is a difference that makes much more difference to an astronomer than a fiction writer.)

On our way back down, we did a tour of the Queen’s House, a former royal residence that now contains an art collection. We strolled past the Cutty Sark, which was one of the last and fastest clippers to sail the seas before the advent of steamships, but decided not to tour that: by then, we were more than ready to catch our return “cruise” back to central London.

London, etc. and Paris, 3: A Changing of the Guard, the Victoria and Albert Museum, and a Play at The Old Vic

We decided to start this day with a stroll past Buckingham Palace. It seemed only proper to drop by the Royal Domicile since we were in London, whether or not the Monarch Himself was at home. (He wasn’t.) However, we did not realize until we got there that the Palace’s ceremonial Changing of the Guard takes place on Mondays, Wednesdays, Fridays and Sundays at 11 a.m. (I am not sure what happens to the guards on duty the other days of the week, but I presume they are changed in some other, quieter way.) Since we’d arrived at exactly 11 a.m. on a Wednesday, the entire area was jammed with people. We could get nowhere near the Royal Edifice until the event was over, which took about an hour. There were times when we common folk were packed together to an almost alarming degree, but I believe that all of us survived.

We’d have been more than happy to see the Palace without the Changing of the Guard, but it is quite a production and very colourful. And clearly, four times every week, people come from everywhere to see it. Once we’d managed to extricate ourselves, I decided I was glad that we had seen it too.

(Click on photos for bigger images.)

Our next stop was the Victoria and Albert Museum. I’d loved the V&A on my previous visit a couple of decades ago, and I’d seen a notice about a temporary ceramics exhibition that interested me. It was on the fourth level of the Museum, and on our way to and from it we had an opportunity to check out several other works that delighted and amazed us. Here are just a few of them.

The ceramics show I wanted to see was entitled “Henry Willett’s Collection of Popular Pottery.” (How could a person resist that appealing title?) I am including the explanatory sign about the exhibition, which was as charming as it sounded. It included dozens of intriguing pieces that Willett had collected from “cottage homes” around England in the late 1800s.

There are a whole lot of other interesting pieces in the Museum’s permanent ceramics collections. In fact, according to the V&A website, “The V&A’s Ceramics collections are unrivalled anywhere in the world. Encyclopaedic and global in scope, they encompass the history of fine ceramic production from about 2500 BC to the present day.” If only we’d had a week, just for this one museum… or even perhaps just for this one set of collections in this one museum.

The view from the top floor of the V&A was lovely, as was the architecture in the streets surrounding the museum.

We made our way from the Victoria and Albert just in time to have a delicious sourdough-crust pizza at one of outlets in the excellent Franco Manca pizzeria chain, before taking in a really impressive play entitled Machinal at The Old Vic Theatre. It was a thrill to be in a theatre that I have read about so often in books, articles and reviews over the years. The quality of the production was a (not-unexpected) bonus: how could it be anything but excellent if it was at The Old Vic? (No need to answer this question if you attend the place regularly.) Machinal has a lyrical, devastating script, and the cast was outstanding. I was also taken with the totally offbeat stage design. If the play ever comes to Toronto, or appears in a broadcast somewhere accessible to me, I’m definitely going to see it again.

The Times Literary Supplement said of Machinal, “The Old Vic’s production, transferred from the Ustinov Studio at the Theatre Royal Bath, is an almost perfect piece of total theatre: Richard Jones’s direction, Hyemi Shin’s set, Adam Silverman’s lighting and Benjamin Grant’s phenomenal sound design all work together with Sophie Treadwell’s words and a fully committed cast….”

So that was quite a day. While we were gadding about (or in my case, limping about), according to my watch we added 18,250 steps to our walking total, and 11 flights of stairs.

London, etc. and Paris, 2: Diagon Alley, Caravaggio, and Flying Beer Bottles

On our first full day in London, we headed down to the City (did you know that the area of the actual City of London is only one square mile? The rest of the megalopolis is made up of 32 boroughs). The Underground stop where we resurfaced (not coincidentally named “Monument”) was located right next to the memorial to the Great Fire of London. Between September 2 and September 5, 1666, this blaze destroyed “13,200 houses, 87 parish churches, The Royal Exchange, Guildhall and St. Paul’s Cathedral” (London Fire Brigade). The conflagration may also have brought an end to the Great Plague, but that is just a theory; many think the plague was already drawing to a close when the fire broke out. Whatever the case, it is clear that for most Londoners, 1666 was not a good year.

Our actual destination on that morning was the Leadenhall Market, which was used for the filming of the Diagon Alley scenes in the first Harry Potter movie. It is a fun market to walk around, and our visit was made even more interesting by the presence of two mounted police officers on beautiful horses, and a group of men in costume who were there to celebrate the Feast Day of St. George.

April 23, the presumed anniversary of St. George’s death, is celebrated not only in England but in several other countries and cities that have claimed St. George as their patron saint.

After a second short trip on the Underground, we reached Westminster where we stopped briefly at the Church of St. Martin in the Fields before heading in to The National Gallery. There, we were particularly interested in a special exhibition entitled The Last Caravaggio, which included just two paintings, rare related documents, and explanatory text. Caravaggio’s last painting is “The Martyrdom of St. Ursula” and another of his later works, “Salome receives the Head of John the Baptist” was also on display. (This was of additional interest to us as we were going to see the Strauss opera Salome when we got to Paris). A lot of North Americans have become a bit obsessed with the works of Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio (1571-1610) after watching the outstanding recent Netflix series Ripley, and it seemed that patrons of the National Gallery were similarly intrigued: the line to get into the small exhibition extended down a corridor and then a long stairway to the lower floor of the gallery, and then along another hallway for a considerable distance. Everyone was very patient, and the line moved relatively quickly.

We took in paintings by a few other artists while we were at the National Gallery, then walked through Trafalgar Square and out onto Whitehall.

There we ran into another, much larger group of St. George’s Day enthusiasts, already well into their cups at 4 p.m. or whatever it was and growing rowdier by the minute, surrounded by police officers on foot and horseback, and vans containing dozens more. We saw people being arrested and heard the whiz of beer bottles before they crashed into the pavement, so after taking a few photos we decided to move on. A woman I spoke to outside a restaurant confirmed my suspicion that the crowd of drinkers was mainly far-right protestors who are mad at the government, rather than average citizens celebrating the feast of England’s patron saint.

At the end of Whitehall we found Big Ben (aka “The Great Bell of the Great Clock of Westminster”), shiny and magnificent after its four years of being cleaned and repaired (2017 to 2021), and we caught our first sight of the famous “London Eye” or Millennium Wheel. If we’d felt the urge to go for a ride on it, which we didn’t, we’d have needed to invest at least £42 each, or about $70 Canadian. I’m sure it was worth that much if a person were so inclined, as the capsules look to be quite spacious, the wheel moves quite slowly, and the views at the top must be splendid.

London, etc. and Paris 1: Intro/Arrival

[Note: In the past I have tried to write my travel blogs as I’ve been travelling. This has always been difficult because it takes time to write down what you want to say in the way you want to say it, and sometimes there just isn’t the time or energy to do that in addition to the enjoying the trip. I usually ended up finishing the series of posts after I got home to Canada. This time I decided to write the entire blog after the trip was over. Here is the first instalment of what will eventually be… quite a few. Facebook friends will have seen some of these photos and a few of my thoughts on our trip already, as I couldn’t completely resist the urge to share while we were away.]

We departed from Toronto for London, England at 8:30 p.m. on Sunday, April 21 and arrived without incident (!) at about 9 a.m. on Monday April 22. Of course in our heads, it was still late on the 21st so we took it fairly easy the first day, having a nap after we’d checked in, and then wandering about our new neighbourhood to get our bearings.

Our hotel was in one of dozens of boutique hotels and apart/hotels that have been made out of what appear to have previously been adjoining apartment buildings on a street called Sussex Gardens, about five blocks from Paddington Railway Station and the Paddington Underground Praed Street Station. I would stay in that area again anytime: there are many many excellent and reasonable restaurants with a wide range of ethnic (and veg-non-veg) options in the area, the people are friendly and helpful (used to dealing with tourists), there’s a laundromat, a grocer, and convenience stores nearby and the Underground links the neighbourhood to anywhere in London you want to go, promptly and efficiently.

The hotel room was reasonable because it was small, which might make it tricky if you had children with you, or had to spend any significant time in the room, but it was fine for a couple that was mainly using it to sleep and shower between adventures. The staff of the Orchard Hotel was friendly and helpful but the establishment offered the worst breakfast buffet we’ve encountered anywhere in the world: no fresh fruit or juice at all, and no fresh coffee (instead serving instant made in advance in large pots). No hot food either, just cheese and bread and sliced meats and boiled eggs. But considering the price of the hotel comparatively speaking, the fact that we ate such wonderful food the rest of the day, and our awareness (constantly sharpened by the sight of tents and destitute humans throughout the city) that lots of people don’t even have as much as we did for breakfast, we survived just fine.

In Paddington, I was intrigued by the street art. In one (apparently temporary) installation that dominates the square outside the railway station, a very large group of twelve brass animals dine together – with a couple of seats left open in case you’d like to join them. According to Londonist, this is the work of Gilli and Marc and is entitled “Wild Table of Love.”

A bit closer to our hotel, in a long cozy park with a ping-pong table, we found another instalment by Gilli and Marc of brass animal sculptures – dogs this time – entitled Paparazzi Pack.

And then near the end of our stay in Paddington I noticed for the first time an animated (but accurate) clock that appears to have a person inside it, cleaning and repairing it and peering out at passersby. It was great fun to watch.

Having sussed out our immediate “home” surroundings for the next ten days and secured SIM cards for our phones (primarily so we could communicate with one another when we got separated, as we inevitably do), we had a solid sleep and were ready to really begin our adventure on Tuesday morning.

Turning the Clocks Forward While Reading Marcel Proust

As I move closer to fulfilling my years-long resolution to finish reading the entire 1.3-million-word novel In Search of Lost Time (ISOLT) by Marcel Proust, I considered it a lovely coincidence that a couple of weeks ago, I came across an extended passage in the book that intersected with my own life at that very moment – and not in just one way, but in two.

Volume I, published in 1996, which I purchased many years ago.

For about fifteen years, I have been perusing the seven parts (contained in six volumes) that make up Proust’s monumental opus, at the rate of one thick tome every three or four years. Clearly I was not so gripped by his writing that I felt compelled to read the entire novel in one sitting, but neither was I ever reluctant to pick it up again. Last month, I decided that the weeks in advance of my first-ever trip to France – which will be occurring around the start of May – were the perfect time to start reading the one volume I still hadn’t read.

In Search of Lost Time proceeds at an extremely leisurely pace and, fortunately for people like me, the final volume comes with a synopsis of the volumes that came before, along with an index to real and fictional characters and places appearing in the book. Since I started ISOLT, I’ve come to think of reading it as a way of life, rather than an event: it is always there waiting for me when I want it. It has occurred to me that finishing it might not augur well for my own longevity – what reason will I have to go on? – but then I remembered that I can always start the book again. It is, after all, a story that was prompted by the main character’s recollection of his childhood, a recollection that was in turn prompted by the taste of a madeleine. Not to get too meta, but who is to say that some event or scent or view may not, at some point in the future, prompt me to start the entire book from the beginning?

I have been enchanted enough by In Search of Lost Time that the many sights I want to see when we go to France this year include several locations that have become familiar to me thanks to Proust. He gave a number of his locations fictional names but his book is so widely known and respected that one town, Illiers, even renamed itself  “Illiers Combray” in recognition of its role as model for the fictional town of Combray, where Proust’s protagonist (M.) grew up. Other locations that provided settings for various events in Proust’s novel are easy enough to find: Balbec, the seaside resort in Normandy, where much of Volume II (which I read under the title Within a Budding Grove; titles of the different volumes change depending on the translator) is set is actually Cabourg.

In Paris, the setting for much of ISOLT, there will be many things to see that are non-Proust-related. But I’ll be getting in touch with him there as well. (I have been told that that I must see the Carnavalet Museum in that city where Proust’s bedroom has been recreated, including the bed in which he wrote much of the novel.) All in all, reading the concluding volume of the book before I went to France became imperative.

So imagine my pleasure to come upon a passage in Volume VI which seemed almost presciently relevant to my life. To start with, I was reading it in the days immediately prior to March 9, when we turned the clocks forward for daylight saving time this year. In those few days, Facebook was alive with opinions about the impending devastation the upcoming time change would wreak on mental and physical health and/or the joys of longer evenings (opinions varied depending on the constitution, the age, and the employment status of the person posting). But secondly, due to our forthcoming trip, as I read I was thinking about Paris more personally than usual – for example, wondering how far the Hotel de Paris Invalides, where we will stay for part of our visit, might be from certain locations Proust mentions.

Then I came upon this:

I had gone on walking as I turned over in my mind this recent meeting with St. Loup and had come a long way out of my way; I was almost at the Pont des Invalides. The lamps (there were very few of them, on account of the Gothas[1]) had already been lit, a little too early because “the clocks had been put forward” a little too early, when the night still came rather quickly, the time having been “changed” once and for all for the whole of the summer just as a central heating system is turned on or off once or for all on a fixed date; and above the city with its nocturnal illumination, in one whole quarter of the sky – the sky that knew nothing of summer time and winter time and did not deign to recognize that half past eight had become half past nine —in one whole quarter of the sky from which the blue had not vanished, there was still a little daylight. Over that whole portion of the city which is dominated by the towers of the Trocadéro, the sky looked like a vast sea the colour of turquoise, from which gradually there emerged, as it ebbed, a whole line of little black rocks, which might even have been nothing more than a row of fishermen’s nets and which were in fact small clouds – a sea at that moment the colour of turquoise, sweeping along with it, without their noticing, the whole human race in the wake of the vast revolution of the earth, that earth upon which they are mad enough to continue their own revolutions, their futile wars, like the war which at this very moment was staining France crimson with blood. But if one looked for long at the sky, this lazy, too beautiful sky which did not condescend to change its timetable and above the city, where the lamps had been lit, indolently prolonged its lingering day in these bluish tones, one was seized with giddiness: it was no longer a flat expanse of sea but a vertically stepped series of blue glaciers. And the towers of the Trocadéro which seemed so near to the turquoise steps must, one realized, be infinitely remote from them, like the twin towers of certain towns in Switzerland which at a distance one would suppose to be near neighbours of the upper mountain slopes.

Time Regained, In Search of Lost Time Volume VI by Marcel Proust (Mayor, Kilmartin and Enright translation, 1981, 1992)
Volume VI, now underway

In Proust’s world, almost everything is a reminder of something else, and the evening sight described in this passage takes his mind back to a scene one hundred years before (which, of course, he could only imagine, as it happened before his birth), when in 1815 Bonaparte (hoping to build public support for his Charter) filled the Champs de Mars – the very boulevard down which Proust was by now walking, having left behind the Pont des Invalides – with an exotic parade of soldiers in dress uniforms from across Europe.

I have plotted out the Pont des Invalides on a map (a 20-minute walk from our hotel in Paris) and you can be sure that I will be standing “almost at” it and looking toward the Trocadéro one evening during our stay. And I have located the Champs de Mars nearby. Depending on our time and available modes of transportation, this may be the closest I will get to sharing the literal vision of the work that has created so many imagined pictures in my head over these past years. I will report to you on how that goes in a forthcoming series of travel blog posts.

With its lingering passages of description, philosophical ramblings, gossip, snapshots of France at the end of the 19th century, political discourse, conjectures about homosexuality, and artistic musings, Proust’s long novel is more like a stroll in the park with a voluble friend than any kind of tension- or action-driven novel most of us might choose to read to divert our attention today. It is strong on descriptions of everything – people and places in particular become etched in the mind, increasingly familiar as Proust’s world unfolds volume by volume, but his language is beautifully repetitive too, as fully-leaved trees might seem to be when you are driving down a country road. Just as you will note repetitions in phrasing between one sentence and the next in the passage I’ve included above, the events move, for the most part, at such a languid pace that one can lose one’s page location and spend an extensive period of time reading very similar passages until you locate the one you were actually reading last. Proust on an e-reader would be a nightmare, particularly if the bookmark function didn’t work.

That said, if you think that reading Proust’s novel would be too difficult for you, think again. It is very accessible, and very lovely. Granted, it is very long, but “long” does not mean insurmountable (i.e., does not equal “high,” as in the context of Everest, but continues on a stroll-able path at mostly the same altitude). You can read one volume or half of one and leave it at that, or you can read a volume every couple of years as I did. And you can borrow the first one from the library before adding the entire novel to your book collection: something you will definitely want to do, however, if you finish the whole thing. (Bragging rights are important for both Everest and Proust.) Proust is a pleasure that should intimidate no reader.

(Note: Today I learned that Proust’s full name was Marcel Valentin Louis Eugène Georges Proust. No wonder he felt comfortable with using so many words to tell his story.)

✻✻✻✻

I have been pleased with the response to my previous travel blogs (including ones to India, Cuba, Italy and Germany) and hope readers will find material of interest to them this time too, as Arnie and I explore England for ten days and then cross the channel into France. I have never been to France, but have been eager to visit the country since I started learning French – about sixty years ago (??? How did that happen???). I’ve been brushing up on my French with Duolingo and am amazed at how much I remember. Whether I’ll actually be able to speak the language when I reach the country of its origin remains to be seen. When I was in Italy I could remember no Italian, only French.

If you are interested in following along, please sign up (no charge) to get a notice each time I post a new instalment. We depart on April 21, and return on May 11. I’m looking forward to sharing our experiences with my readers.

P.S. I am cross-posting this and the upcoming travel articles on I Am All Write on WordPress and I Am All Write Too on Substack. This is the first step of a process on which I intend to embark upon as soon as I have finished writing my current novel, in which I will discontinue writing fiction for the most part and focus on my blogs – offering free posts at WordPress but monetizing those at Substack.


[1] German bombers, which mainly flew at night.  Volume VI, “Time Regained,” takes place during World War I.

Germany 11*: Dresden, Where a Day Is Nowhere Near Enough

On September 1, 2022, yet another lovely day, we left Prague and headed back into Germany, where our next two nights would be spent in Dresden. The train ride was perfection: quiet and smooth. I was trying to read a book but the architecture and the landscape constantly drew my attention. Despite the drought, the countryside was surprisingly green.

(Reminder: You can click on the images in each “Gallery” block to see them as a slide show.)

Dresden is the capital of the state of Saxony (our stops in Bayreuth and Munich had been in Bavaria) and, like Leipzig and half of Berlin, was located from 1949 to 1990 in the former communist state of East Germany. Since the mid-1400s Dresden was the seat of Saxony nobility, who invested time, money and effort to make it into a world-class cultural centre. In the 1800s it became known for its technology as well as its art. At one point, due to a “personal union,” it also became the seat of Polish monarchs, who contributed to its magnificent baroque and rococo architecture.

I had not realized that Dresden had been flattened by the Allies near the end of World War II, much less that the bombings have always been controversial, seen by many as indiscriminate and unnecessary as Dresden was not a military target. [This is a correction. When I first wrote this post I thought the bombings had occurred after peace had been declared. I erred and I am grateful to the reader who pointed out my error.] Then about a month before we left for Germany, both of my sons urged me to read Kurt Vonnegut’s Slaughterhouse Five. What a great book that is! The writing style is remarkably distinctive (I hadn’t read Vonnegut before. Now I’ll read more) and the structure of the novel is brilliant, particularly the way it manages time. But quite aside from its literary qualities, Slaughterhouse Five provided me with an intimate picture of what it was like to be in Dresden as the war drew to a close.

The bombing of Dresden by British and American troops nearly reduced the entire historic and beautiful old city to rubble. During this event, which occurred between Feb. 13 and 15, 1945, “772 heavy bombers of the Royal Air Force (RAF) and 527 of the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) dropped more than 3,900 tons of high-explosive bombs and incendiary devices on the city. The bombing and the resulting firestorm destroyed more than 1,600 acres (6.5 km2) of the city centre. An estimated 22,700 to 25,000 people were killed. Three more USAAF air raids followed, two occurring on 2 March aimed at the city’s railway marshalling yard and one smaller raid on 17 April aimed at industrial areas.” Wikipedia This is the central incident in Slaughterhouse Five, which Vonnegut based on his personal experience as a prisoner of war who was being held in Dresden by the Germans when the attack occurred. Many of the buildings we visited in Dresden featured photographs of what they’d looked like after the bombing, and the amount of restoration that has been required (and completed so far) is astonishing.

We stayed in the old town but at the relatively new Hyperion Hotel Dresden am Schloss, in a room that was bright and functional –although having the bathroom in the middle of the suite was a new experience for me. We headed out for dinner and of course could not find the restaurant I had chosen (which, it later turned out, was a dining room right in the hotel where we were staying but it was only open for conference attendees). But we found a great alternative on the square, had a very tasty meal, and walked around a bit of the old town before calling it a day.

The Residenzschloss

Our first stop on September 2 was the mammoth Residenzschloss, or Residence Palace, which was right across the street from our hotel. This building is a major exhibitor of state and city art in Dresden, as it has been since the Saxony kings built the castle to live in, in the mid-1400s.

From https://www.skd.museum/besuch/residenzschloss/

First we saw a series of drawings from the Hoesch Collection which were on temporary exhibit at the palace. The exhibition, entitled Anselmi to Zuccari, included works from Italian artists from the 16th to 18th century as well as selections from the Kupferstich-Kabinett (Dresden State Art Collection). They were fascinating.

We then set out to explore the permanent collection of the Residenzschloss, and we could have spent all of our remaining time in Dresden there – if not the rest of our lives. It contains a lot of amazing stuff. By the time we were half way through it I was reduced to walking from piece to piece, unable to differentiate between the astonishing and the merely stunning. I took way too many photos of it all, thinking that I would examine them more closely later. I have done some of that today. 🙂 Here is a sample (Most of the Turkish influence came by way of Poland, btw):

Then we had lunch in a square off Galeriestraße. Crepes. Sehr lecker.

After lunch, we wandered around old Dresden for a couple of hours. We viewed the lovely baroque interior of the Dresden Frauenkirche, the exterior of the Dresden opera house (Semperoper) and the grounds of the Zwinger Palace, which is still in the process of restoration and which houses many works of art that we did not pay to see. Arnie and a street musician exchanged some musical notes, and we took a stroll over the Elbe by means of the Carolabrucke (Carola Bridge). We could see how low the river was after many months of drought.

Hunger Stones

And speaking of the drought, just before we left Canada my elder son had sent me information about a phenomenon known as “Hunger Stones,” which are etchings on rocks from long ago by the sides of rivers that have been exposed due to the low water conditions in recent years. Here is an excerpt from the beginning of a Guardian article on the subject:

Wenn du mich siehst, dann weine (“If you see me, then weep”), reads the grim inscription on a rock in the Elbe River near the northern Czech town of Děčín, close to the German border. As Europe’s rivers run dry in a devastating drought that scientists say could prove the worst in 500 years, their receding waters are revealing long-hidden artefacts, from Roman camps to ghost villages and second world war shipwrecks.”

Messages left on stones are warnings from the past that hunger and hardship are not far off once the waters have receded far enough that the messages – some of which date back as far as the 15th century – can be read. Many of these are along the River Elbe in the Czech Republic and Germany, but they have also been found in recent years in Italy, Spain, Serbia and other parts of Europe.

More Residenzschloss

After our afternoon stroll, Arnie wisely took a nap but I just had to check out a few more rooms in the Residenzschloss, since my ticket was still valid. By the time I was finished, I could barely walk, but it was worth it.

We concluded our Big Day in Dresden with dinner at Edelweiss, a Swiss restaurant near the Frauenkirche and then wandered back to the hotel where we collapsed into bed to rest up for our trip the next day to our final destination in Germany: Berlin.

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*Sharp-eyed readers will have noticed that I gave the number “9” to the last two posts. I am reluctant to change the most recent post to “10” because it will make the url incorrect. But this is still “11,” no matter how you look at it.

Italy 24: Florence (Part 6)

The Great Synagogue of Florence

May 25, 2019

Image by Toksave, published under Creative Commons licence

The Great Synagogue (Tempio Maggiore) of Florence, built between 1874 and 1882, is a magnificent building located not far from the major museums of the city, which is appropriate as it houses an extensive museum on its upper floor. The style of the building is Italian and Moorish Revival but signage at the synagogue indicates that it is also known as “of the Emancipation” as it “was designed as an independent building and is not disguised as something else, as happened in the ghettoes.” The lovely pink and beige colours of the travertine and granite that dapple the building used to be darker – were, in fact, once red and beige.

The domes of the synagogue were familiar to Separdhic Jewry, of which the Florentine community primarily consisted, which had its origins in Berber Moorish Spain. The domes, finished in copper now oxidized to green, stand out against the skyline. (Note: I am grateful to the photographers whose photos are posted for public use on Wikipedia. They make it possible for me to show these two angles on the synagogue that we were not able to capture ourselves. If you click on the images you can see the source photos.)

These are the photos we did take of the exterior:

The interior of the synagogue is wonderfully ornate. (Click on images to see them better.) “During World War II, Nazi soldiers occupied the synagogue and they used that as a storehouse. In August 1944 retreating German troops worked with Italian Fascists to lay explosives to destroy the synagogue. However, Italian resistance fighters managed to defuse most of the explosives and only a limited amount of damage was done. What damage was done was restored after the war. The synagogue was restored yet again after damage from the flood of the River Arno in 1966.” (Wikipedia)

Wikipedia also tells us that “The Jewish community in Florence is composed of about 1,400 people. However, it has a long history which reaches back to the medieval era. In addition, there was a nearby Jewish community in the Oltrarno area, south of the Arno river , that dates to the Roman era. It is thought that the first synagogue was probably built in the 13th century.”

The Jewish Museum of Florence, opened in 1987, is located on the second floor of the synagogue. We were not allowed to take photos, but you can see some of the lovely pieces on the Museums of Florence website. We spent quite a bit of time admiring the “kiddush cups, prayer shawls, silver ornaments and embroidered vestments dating from the 16th to the twentieth century, with illustrative panels of the community’s history, together with a carved model of the old ghetto and along with a pictorial display which is occasionally changed.”

The names of 248 Florentine deportees are listed on this plaque.

It was as much a reminder of the history of the Jews as it was a sign of the times that the synagogue was guarded by soldiers with rifles, and the process for being admitted to the grounds was very strict and thorough –involving passports, metal gates, and lockers for bags and coats.

We were sorry to have already eaten lunch when we saw this inviting spot, just beyond the grounds of the synagogue. Next time. (Where have I heard that before?)

Italy 22: Florence (Part 4)

Firenze al aperto (Florence Out of Doors)

May 23 – 24, 2019

We enjoyed wandering around Florence as much as we did touring its galleries and, still fortunate with the weather, we managed to get quite a bit of fresh air. As I continued to recover from my face-plant in the Borghese Gardens, I was amused to see a street sign that seemed to warn me against landing on my head again. (As if I needed a warning.)

We spent time on both days in Florence in the Piazza della Signoria because it is so central. Surrounded by several “palazzos” and the Uffizi Gallery, the piazza is massive, accommodating outdoor restaurant seating, a lovely old merry-go-round and many shops (including an Apple store). At times in its history, the square has been less welcoming: it was here that the puritanical Dominican friar Girolamo Savonarola and his followers carried out the famous “Bonfire of the Vanities” – burning secular “books, gaming tables, fine dresses, and works of poets” in their attempt to build a new Jerusalem, and here – in front of the fountain of Neptune – Savonarola and two of his fellow friars were ultimately hanged and burned on May 23, 1498 (Wikipedia).

As is true in many major cities in Italy, being outside can be very much like being inside a museum, and that was certainly true of the large space just off the Florence’s Piazza della Signoria that is known as the Loggia dei Lanzi. We went there one afternoon to rest our feet between tours, but I soon found myself standing up again to more closely examine the huge sculptures on display in the loggia.

The Loggia dei Lanzi or Loggia della Signoria was built in the late 1300s and was intended to accommodate public meetings and events. The statues now located there include two Medici lions, historical figures, and a number of sculptures depicting characters and events from Greek and Roman myths. One of these, Perseus with the head of Medusa, I remember seeing in an encyclopedia when I was a girl, and being absolutely horrified. The actual statue is pretty horrifying too.

The River Arno flows from its source in the Apennines through Florence on its way to the sea, and while the water itself looks uninviting (it is fast and dirty), there is no matching the spectacle the river offers, especially when the light is right. There are six bridges across the Arno in Florence, five of which were bombed during the retreat of the Nazis from Italy in 1944. These have been rebuilt, either in a more modern form or to resemble the historic structures they replaced.

Although it was swept away by floods a couple of times during the first two centuries of the Common Era, and was damaged again by flooding in the mid 1960s. the Ponte Vecchio, the most famous and remarkable of the bridges, is the only one that was not destroyed in the German retreat — rumour has it that it was spared by direct command of Adolf Hitler. However, the buildings at either end of the bridge were destroyed in order to prevent its use.

The Ponte Vecchio is a “closed-spandrel bridge with three segmental arches” built from stone at the end of the first century. (The spandrel is the space between the outer part of the arch and the deck.) Its design was determined in part by the need to allow horses and carts to cross it easily, and vendors have been selling their wares from stalls on the bridge for more than a thousand years. We wandered past clothing and jewellery shops, some selling products of the highest quality (and price!) and others selling schlock for tourists, also at the highest price. The kicker was a gelato that I bought on the Ponte Vecchio for eight euros ($12)! (It did involve two tasty scoops, but the only reason it is memorable is because of how much it cost me.)

I was quite tickled to be standing in a place where Dante had also stood.

Florence, like other major Italian cities, must be particularly magical to those with limitless wealth and a fondness for shopping. We meet neither of those conditions, but we did enjoy wandering past some of the exclusive shops.

We are hard-pressed to remember even one disappointing meal in Italy. However, we discovered a couple of outstanding restaurants in Florence, one of them thanks to a fellow-writer from the U.S. who I’d met online on a writers’ forum. Caron Guillo had spent the previous four or five years leading tours in Europe and she had lived for an extended period of time in Italy. Before we left on our trip, I saw that she had posted a photo of a dinner she’d just eaten in her favourite restaurant in Florence. She gave me the name — 4 Leoni — we tracked it down, and had a most spectacular dinner. My main course was the restaurant’s popular ravioli dish featuring pears in taleggio cheese and asparagus sauce (the same dish that Caron had posted on Facebook) and for dessert a chocolate pudding. We should have made a reservation: we were lucky that they let us in without one.

Of course, even the graffiti in Italy is artistic. I liked this piece, which somehow evoked both Banksy and Magritte.

Italy 19: Florence (Part 1)

The Lovely Villa Belvedere

May 22, 2019

Welcome / reception line, Villa Belvedere

Late on the afternoon of May 22, we arrived in Firenze (Florence) after a long drive through central Italy from Salerno. The Hotel Villa Belvedere, our accommodation for our visit, was so lovely that if we had been advised that every tourist site in the city had been unexpectedly closed for repairs and we were going to have to stay at the hotel for the entire three days we were in Florence, I would not have complained too much. This is the kind of hotel that makes you want to sit outside and read a book, or sit near a window inside and write one. Since we had a lot to see and do, I felt as though we did not have time to properly enjoy our accommodations – although we gave it our best effort.

The Villa Belvedere is a family-owned hotel, and the members of the family seem to have been born for the hospitality business. Everyone, including the hired staff, was helpful, accommodating, and eager to help us resolve any issues we had, whether they related to the villa, the city, or our next destination. Several suites have balconies: ours did not, which is a good thing or I would have wanted to spend even more time lounging about, but our room was large and comfortable. The gardens are magnificent, obviously cared for like the house itself with loving care, and the main floor common areas are comfortable and decorated with of all kinds of unusual objets d’art.

The dining room is a bright, well-appointed room with large windows that look out onto the pool and the gardens. The food was outstanding and the service impeccable. The chef is one of the owners, and when we complimented her cooking and especially her baking one morning, she asked if we would let her mother-in-law know we’d enjoyed it. (I did as she’d asked, of course, amused at this glimpse into the family dynamics.)

The city was not far away: as we wandered in the garden in the evening, we could hear the enthusiastic sounds of fans cheering on their favourite local football (soccer) game at a nearby stadium. After a spectacular dinner at the hotel and a sound night’s sleep, windows open to the Italian night, we did – of course – bestir ourselves to check out the other sights and sounds and tastes of Florence: from the Duomo to the Accademia Dell’Arte to the Uffuzi Gallery, from the Arno River to “the David” (more on those in subsequent posts). And of course we were glad we did. But it was lovely to have this place to return to each day after our wanderings had worn our feet out once again.

The art of Florence extends beyond its galleries: here, two European Rose Chafers, dining

Italy 8: Padua to La Spezia

Past the Alps to the Ligurian Sea

Monday, May 13, 2019 (Part 2)

In response to overwhelming (n=1) demand for information on whether we actually made it from Padua to La Spezia in time to catch our train, I offer this interlude to assure readers that we did (though not, of course, without a bit more drama), and also to provide additional information on the Cappella degli Scrovegni offered by friends on Facebook since my last post (thank you, Caterina Edwards and Suzanne Hillier).

Alps

First the Cappella. Caterina, who has located several of her novels in Italy and knows whereof she speaks, told me that the museum only lets about ten or twelve people into the Giotto Chapel at a time – and that the people have to be cool and dry to be admitted. “We went to Padova on a super-hot day,” she recalls. “Before we could enter the chapel, we had to sit (and watch a video) for 15 minutes in a special room where we were ‘dehumidified.’ This was to protect the fragile murals.”

While her story made me appreciate better why they hadn’t let us in, it also intensified my wish that we had booked tickets ahead of time and seen the frescoes. Suzanne (retired lawyer, now a full-time writer) added to my regret by saying, “Hate to tell you but it was fascinating. Can still see those visions of hell, with the doomed being savaged by evil little devils!”

More alps

Today Arnie reminded me there were probably photos of the frescoes online, and since “online” just happens to be my second home it didn’t take me long to find them. They are indeed astonishing: particularly considering that Giotto di Bondone completed them more than 700 years ago: in about 1305. It’s not the same at all as seeing them in person, but it will do for now.

It rained off and on between Padua and La Spezia but the weather cleared enough from time to time to offer us views of the Alps on our right and the northern Apeninne mountains on our left. We were beginning to get a sense of how quickly the landscape changes in Italy, and of the wide range of geographical areas and climates that make up this small country (small compared to Canada, that is). When we’d left the relatively flat region around Padua I’d wondered how our destination, a village only a few hours away, could be described as almost inaccessible due to its location on a mountainous coastline. But as the foothills rose around us and our elevation increased, I began to see how this could happen.

Red Pin Marks Ligurian Sea

Last Train to Monterosso

Our destination was Monterosso al Mare, the most distant of five villages that lie north of La Spezia along the coast of the Ligurian Sea. Together, the villages comprise Cinque Terre (“Five Lands”), designated a UNESCO site in 1997 and part of the Italian Riviera. My younger son and his wife had stayed in one of the villages on their honeymoon, and raved to us about the beauty of the region.

While the walking trails between the towns are mostly hike-able (where they have not been washed downhill into the sea), tourists are advised not to attempt the roads between the villages by car. This doesn’t create too much of a problem since there are 54 trains between La Spezia and Levanto (beyond the northern end of the chain of villages) every day. The train tickets are quite reasonable — you can buy a one-day pass for about €8 that allows you take as many train rides as you want between the villages, or you can buy a Cinque Terre card that allows you to use buses as well as trains and to gain access to the walking trails, museums, etc. Our only challenge as we drove from Padua was to make sure that we caught the last train of the day, which would depart from La Spezia at 23:10, and to arrive in time to park the car and get to the train before it left.

Alpennines

It turns out there are many places to park your car in La Spezia but of course the one I had picked out was inaccessible after 8 p.m., which was when we arrived. Fortunately for us, we took a “wrong turn” and ended up in a nice big parking lot right inside the train station. This parking lot is reasonable (between €18 and €25/day depending on the season) but the fact that it is “in” the station doesn’t mean it is secure. We had been advised by many people never to leave anything in an unattended car in Italy, so we took everything with us to Monterosso. It was a lot to carry up and down the stairs and hills that are everywhere in Cinque Terre, but when we returned two days later, we found another couple parked near us who had lost all of the possessions they had left behind in their locked vehicle. So we were glad we’d taken the precaution.

Toilets in parking lot at La Spezia Train Station

If you have any physical disability you’ll have trouble getting around the train stations in the Cinque Terre region — several of which have no elevators. Even in those that do, the elevators may not be working. We hauled our luggage up the stairs onto the wrong platform then downstairs again, and then up onto the right platform, and finally managed to get ourselves and our bags onto the last train to Monterosso.

Right on time, the train pulled out into a pitch black night (it seemed more dark than even nighttime could explain for a reason, we learned the next day: much of the route along the coast winds through a series of tunnels). Twenty-two minutes later, we were in Monterosso. There we carried the suitcases and packs down two more sets of stairs, then rolled them out of the station to the street, and down the street to our beach-front hotel, where we gratefully checked in.

Utterly exhausted – it had been a long rainy-day drive after a long rainy day in Padua, after a long rainy evening the night before traipsing around the Venice Airport exchanging vehicles — we went to sleep. And awoke the next morning to the most spectacular visual treat I’ve ever had.